The Development of Novel Bioprocess to enhance the Synthesis, Characterization, and activation of Withaferin-A from Withania somnifera

Abstract

Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is a medicinal plant abundant in valuable triterpenoids, notably Withaferin A (WA), a potent bioactive compound found in the Northern Himalayas. Due to illegal wild harvesting and habitat disruptions, WA is now listed as a threatened species by the IUCN. With growing demand for Ashwagandha and its therapeutic compounds, biotechnological advancements are crucial for rapid yield enhancement. Recognized for its efficacy in treating conditions like breast cancer and COVID-19 (1), WA's purification and isolation from high-yielding endophytes are pivotal. Our objective is to identify hyperproducing endophytes and their enzymatic intermediates involved in withanolide synthesis, focusing on the MVA or MEP pathway related to sterols and terpenoids, facilitating Withaferin-A production. Cancer, originating from various organs and tissues, can metastasize and spread uncontrollably, often due to cancer stem cells within tumors. Chemotherapy failures and recurrences are linked to these cells. Our study screens Northern Himalayan endophytes for WA production, optimizing physical parameters and refining bioprocesses. Quality protocols ensure pure WA, while genetic analysis identifies synthesis markers. We evaluate WA's cytotoxic potential against cancer cells, bridging fundamental research with its therapeutic application in cancer treatment.